Activity 2 - Plantae

Flowering Plants

Daffodils

~ Flowering plants bear flowers only when they are fully grown. It does not bear flowers when they are young


Flowering Plants are divided into two groups:-
~ One seed leaf(Monocotyledons) about 50000 species
Seeds produce one seed leaf on germination
Leaves have veins running in parallel about their length
Vascular tissue is scattered randomly throughout the stem
Includes lilies, grasses and many related cereal crops, and among trees, the fruit-bearing palms


~ Two seed leaves(Dicotyledons) about 200000 species
Seeds produce two seed leaves on germination
Generally more complex than Monocotyledons
Veins spread net-like across their leaves
Vascular tissue is arrange in an orderly ring around the stem
Includes most flowering plants, and many hardwood trees, such as oaks, limes and beeches.


Flowering plant reproduction:-
Sexual reproduction
Male reproductive organs - Stamen
~ Anther - contains pollen sacs which releases grains of pollens, which are the male reproductive cells
~ Filament - supports anther


Female reproductive organs - Pistil
~ Stigma - it has a sticky surface which traps pollen grains that lands or touch it
~ Style - where pollen tubes grow
~ Ovary - contains one or more ovules. It develops into a fruit, after fertilization, which protects the seed inside
~ Ovule - contains the egg nucleus, which are the female reproductive cells. The ovules will develop into seeds after fertilization.


Asexual reproduction 
Some plants do not have male and female reproduction organs
Vegetative Propagation
~ It is a process by which a new plant arise or are obtained not by seeds or spores, but their plant parts
- Leaves
- Suckers
- Underground Stems
- Bulb: daffodil, onion, hyacinth
- Corms: crocus, water-chestnut, coco-yam
- Runners: strawberry, spider plant
- Rhizomes: ginger, iris, marram grass, lotus
- Tubers: Potato 


Non-Flowering Plants

Ferns

Moss

~ Non-Flowering Plants do not bear flowers at all
~ Non-Flowering Plants are divided into ferns and mosses
- Mosses are usually very small in size and prefer to live in damp, shady areas
- Ferns often have large leaves that help them to live in places where there is little sunlight


Non-Flowering Plant reproduction:-
~ reproduce by spores
some spores are found in the spore bags located on the underside of mature leaves - e.g. Fern
while some spores are found in the spore bags located at the end of the stalks - e.g. Moss
~ When the spores are mature, they are released in to the air and carried by the wind or water to new places.
~ Conifers reproduce by seeds produced in the cones














Done By: Danish, Fathiah, Jemaimah, Joshua